Birateye akaga kurenza bateri yintebe yamashanyarazi?

Nibyago birenze urugeroigare ry’ibimugabateri?

Ibicuruzwa byinshi kandi byinshi bya elegitoronike bigomba kwishyurwa "nyuma". Nizera ko mubuzima bwa buri munsi, abakora ibimuga byinshi byamashanyarazi bishyuza bateri zabo ijoro ryose. Waba uzi ububi bwo kwishyuza bateri zabakora ibimuga byamashanyarazi?

Mugihe abakora ibimuga byamashanyarazi bazana ibyoroshye, ingaruka zabo z'umutekano ntizishobora kwirengagizwa. Amakuru yerekana ko mu myaka yashize, habaye inkongi nyinshi zatewe n’imodoka z’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa, 80% muri zo zikaba zaratewe no kwishyuza amafaranga menshi ya batiri y’imodoka. Ni nako bimeze kuri bateri yintebe yamashanyarazi. Iyo bateri irenze urugero, biroroshye guturika, gutwika ibice bya plastiki yikinyabiziga cyamashanyarazi, no kurekura umwotsi mwinshi wuburozi, bigatera igihombo kubantu nibintu.

Impanuka aho bateri zifata umuriro mugihe kwishyuza bibaho rimwe na rimwe. Inkongi y'umuriro ya batiri no guturika mubisanzwe biterwa nubushakashatsi bwa chimique na electrochemiki hagati yibikoresho bikora nibikoresho bya electrolyte imbere muri bateri, bitanga ubushyuhe bwinshi na gaze. Kurenza urugero, gushyuha cyane, umuzunguruko mugufi n'ingaruka byose bitera guturika kwa batiri n'umuriro. Iyo bateri irenze urugero, ioni ya lithium irenze yuzuye muri electrode nziza hanyuma ikagira igisubizo, ikarekura ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya bateri, bigatera reaction hagati ya lithium metallic na solvent, hamwe na karuboni yashizwemo na litiro hamwe na solve, bikabyara binini ubwinshi bwa hoteri na gaze, bigatuma bateri iturika.

Mubisanzwe bateri zishobora kwishyurwa zifite ibikoresho byo kurinda. Iyo amashanyarazi arenze, hejuru-yumuriro, nibindi bitera kwangiza bateri, sisitemu yo gukingira izahita imumenya kandi ihindure umuyaga kuva munini kugeza kuri muto. Muri ubu buryo, bateri izahagarika kwishyurwa, ntabwo rero izatera umuriro no guturika, ariko bamwe mubakora bateri ntibashobora gukora imiyoboro yo gukingira bitewe nigiciro nibindi bitekerezo. Muri iki gihe, iyo ushizemo igihe kirekire, bateri irashobora gukora byoroshye imbere, ikabyara ubushyuhe bwinshi na gaze, bikaviramo umuriro cyangwa guturika. ACCIDENT.
Byongeye kandi, nyuma yuko bateri imaze kuzunguruka cyangwa gukubitwa, electrode nziza ikunda kubora kandi ikabyara ubushyuhe bwinshi, bushobora gutera iturika numuriro wa batiri.